【android学习随笔】android列表组件RecyclerView

基本用法

添加依赖

app/build.gradle

1
2
3
4
5
6
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:24.2.1'
compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:24.2.1'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
}

关于 compile android在8.0改成了 implementation 所以8.0+可以写成以下代码

1
2
3
4
5
6
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:26.1.0'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
}

然后点击sync now,同步编译配置

添加xml布局

1
2
3
4
5
6
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent">
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>

添加item类

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
public class Fruit {

private String name;
private int imageId;

public Fruit(String name, int imageId) {
this.name = name;
this.imageId = imageId;
}

public String getName() {
return name;
}

public int getImageId() {
return imageId;
}

}

定义item布局

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" />
</LinearLayout>

定义适配器类FruitAdapter 继承自 RecyclerView.Adapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder> {
private List<Fruit> mFruitList;

// 定义了一个内部类 ViewHolder 继承自 RecyclerView.ViewHolder
static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
ImageView fruitImage;
TextView fruitName;

public ViewHolder(View view) {
super(view);
fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
}
}

// 通过 FruitAdapter 构造函数把需要展示的源数据传递进来,并赋值给当前类的私有变量 mFruitList
public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitList) {
mFruitList = fruitList;
}

// 先加载item布局,然后创建ViewHolder实例,
@Override
public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item, parent, false);
ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
return holder;
}

// 对item进行赋值,会在每个子项被滚动到屏幕内的时候执行,使用position得到当前item实例,将数据灌入ViewHolder的布局中
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
holder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
}

// 返回数据源的数组长度
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return mFruitList.size();
}
}

修改mainActivity引入

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initFruits(); // 初始化水果数据
RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view); // 获取RecyclerView实例
LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this); // 创建layoutManager对象,
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager); // 指定布局方式
FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList); // list数据传到适配器中
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter); // 完成适配器设置
}
// mock一个列表
private void initFruits() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple", R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(apple);
Fruit banana = new Fruit("Banana", R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(banana);
Fruit orange = new Fruit("Orange", R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(orange);
Fruit watermelon = new Fruit("Watermelon", R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(watermelon);
Fruit pear = new Fruit("Pear", R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(pear);
Fruit grape = new Fruit("Grape", R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(grape);
Fruit pineapple = new Fruit("Pineapple", R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(pineapple);
Fruit strawberry = new Fruit("Strawberry", R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(strawberry);
Fruit cherry = new Fruit("Cherry", R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(cherry);
Fruit mango = new Fruit("Mango", R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(mango);
}
}
}

实现横向滚动和瀑布流

横向滚动

fruit_item.xml改成垂直布局

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">

<ImageView
android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp" />

<TextView
android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp" />
</LinearLayout>

MainActivity 设置布局

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initFruits(); // 初始化水果数据
RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view); // 获取RecyclerView实例
LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this); // 创建layoutManager对象,
layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL); // 修改方向
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager); // 指定布局方式
FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList); // list数据传到适配器中
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter); // 完成适配器设置
}
...
}

瀑布流

修改fruit_item.xml

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_margin="5dp">

<ImageView
android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"/>

<TextView
android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="left"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp" />
</LinearLayout>

MainActivity 设置布局

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initFruits(); // 初始化水果数据
RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view); // 获取RecyclerView实例
StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3, StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL); //三列垂直布局的瀑布流
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager); // 指定布局方式
FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList); // list数据传到适配器中
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter); // 完成适配器设置
}
// mock一个列表
private void initFruits() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
Fruit apple = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Apple"), R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(apple);
Fruit banana = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Banana"), R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(banana);
Fruit orange = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Orange"), R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(orange);
Fruit watermelon = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Watermelon"), R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(watermelon);
Fruit pear = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pear"), R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(pear);
Fruit grape = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Grape"), R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(grape);
Fruit pineapple = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pineapple"), R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(pineapple);
Fruit strawberry = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Strawberry"), R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(strawberry);
Fruit cherry = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Cherry"), R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(cherry);
Fruit mango = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Mango"), R.drawable.ic_accessibility_black_24dp);
fruitList.add(mango);
}
}

// 返回随机长度的字符串
private String getRandomLengthName(String name) {
Random random = new Random();
int length = random.nextInt(20) + 1;
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
builder.append(name);
}
return builder.toString();
}

}

实现子view的点击事件

FruitAdapter

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder> {
private List<Fruit> mFruitList;

// 定义了一个内部类 ViewHolder 继承自 RecyclerView.ViewHolder
static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
View fruitView;
ImageView fruitImage;
TextView fruitName;

public ViewHolder(View view) {
super(view);
fruitView = view; // 新建一个view容器
fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
}
}

// 通过 FruitAdapter 构造函数把需要展示的源数据传递进来,并赋值给当前类的私有变量 mFruitList
public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitList) {
mFruitList = fruitList;
}

// 先加载item布局,然后创建ViewHolder实例,
@Override
public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item, parent, false);
final ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view); // 给容器一个只读的实例
// 给容器添加点击事件
holder.fruitView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
int position = holder.getAdapterPosition();
Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
Toast.makeText(v.getContext(), "you clicked view " + fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
// 给容器内图片添加点击事件
holder.fruitImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
int position = holder.getAdapterPosition();
Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
Toast.makeText(v.getContext(), "you clicked image " + fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
return holder;
}
...
}